![]() ![]() ![]() Ares is known for cuckolding his brother Hephaestus, conducting an affair with his wife Aphrodite. He generally represents the chaos of war in contrast to Athena, a goddess of military strategy and skill. Homer portrays him as moody and unreliable, and as being the most unpopular god on earth and Olympus ( Iliad 5.890–1). The son of Zeus and Hera, he was depicted as a beardless youth, either nude with a helmet and spear or sword, or as an armed warrior. God of courage, war, bloodshed, and violence. Some late Roman and Greek poetry and mythography identifies him as a sun-god, equivalent to Roman Sol and Greek Helios. His sacred animals include roe deer, swans, and pythons. His signs and symbols include the laurel wreath, bow and arrow, and lyre. His most famous temple is in Delphi, where he established his oracular shrine. ![]() In myth, he can be cruel and destructive, and his love affairs are rarely happy. Apollo is depicted as young, beardless, handsome and athletic. Both Apollo and Artemis use a bow and arrow. He is the son of Zeus and Leto, and the twin brother of Artemis. God of music, arts, knowledge, healing, plague, prophecy, poetry, manly beauty, and archery. Her sacred animals include doves and sparrows. Her symbols include the magical girdle, myrtle, roses, and the scallop shell. She is usually depicted as a naked or semi-nude beautiful woman. She was also a lover to Adonis and Anchises, to whom she bore Aeneas. She had many lovers, most notably Ares, to whom she bore Harmonia, Phobos, and Deimos. She was married to Hephaestus, but bore him no children. In Hesiod's Theogony (188–206), she was born from sea-foam and the severed genitals of Uranus in Homer's Iliad (5.370–417), she is daughter of Zeus and Dione. Goddess of beauty, love, desire, and pleasure. Drinking cups and other vessels were painted with scenes from Greek myths. A temple would house the statue of a god or goddess, or multiple deities, and might be decorated with relief scenes depicting myths. The Greeks created images of their deities for many purposes. Hades was a feared god of the Greek pantheon, but he was also regarded as a fair one, for he provided a balance to life, and of course everyone died.The following is a list of gods, goddesses, and many other divine and semi-divine figures from ancient Greek mythology and ancient Greek religion. The pair would be reunited as long as Orpheus did not look back during the exit from the Underworld, but the Greek hero did glance back, and so lost Eurydice until he himself died. Hades was also merciful when Orpheus came and asked for the return of his wife, Eurydice. Hades agreed to the request as long as Cerberus was not hurt during the attempt. Heracles was actually in the Underworld undertaking one of his labours, a labour which involved the kidnapping of Cerberus, but rather than simply take the guard dog, Heracles would ask the permission of the god. Theseus would eventually be released by Heracles, but Pirithous would remain imprisoned for eternity. Hades though was well aware of the plans of the pair, and when they sat down to eat with the god, Hades would ensnare them both within stone chairs. Theseus and Pirithouswould travel together to the Underworld when Pirithous decided that he wanted Persephone to be his wife. ![]() Hades would rarely leave his domain, and so stories of the god in Greek mythology were often based around visitors to his realm and even though no living person was supposed to leave the Underworld, many did. Sometimes Hades was thought of as being Death, but in Greek mythology there was a separate god for this role, Thanatos, a son of Nyx. The soul of the departed were therefore the population of Hades' realm, but the god let the judging be done by others, and instead the god simple appreciated the fear and reverence that his position gave him. The dead would be judged as to how their lives had been led, and eternity might be spent in Tartarus, the Elysian Fields or the nothingness of the Asphodel Meadows. Today, it is common to think of the Greek Underworld as Hell, and indeed the name Hades is often used in place of the word hell, but the ancient Greek realm was more than hell, for whilst it contained Tartarus, the hell pit, it also included the Elysian Fields, paradise. The division was undertaken by the drawing of lots, and so Zeus became lord of heaven and earth, Poseidon received the earth's waters, and Hades was given the Underworld. V ictory meant that the cosmos now needed to be divided between the three sons of Cronus. ![]()
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